Should Steroids Be Illegal For Athletes - 900 Words

â€Å"If steroids are illegal for athletes, then why isn’t photoshop illegal for models?†. Documented steroid usage has increased significantly over the past decade, however this paper contends that with the help of medical research, medical surveys and first hand experience, I will demonstrate steroids are not as hazardous as the general public perceives steroids to be. As steroid use continues to be identified in the news, a growing trend in America and all over the world right now seems to be asking the question, â€Å"why am I not allowed to do this?† or â€Å"why are steroids banned?† This paper will address the many issues that the general public has when they stereotype steroid users, and work towards showing the reader that steroids are not as dangerous as one may think them to be based off what they have heard from others especially as they are portrayed in the media. The debate about steroid use is important so that the uses of steroids can be more clearly articulated, such as health, competition, sports and personal fitness. Steroids should be legal for people to take if they choose to do so because if used not habitually they can be very beneficial to the average weight lifter. Steroids have always had a bad wrap. From the constant jokes about juice head bodybuilders, to sports coaches talking to their student athletes about why steroids are bad and not a good choice for them. Steroids are seen as cheating. Steroids took on the national media’s attention in the late 1990’sShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Use of Steroids in Sports1299 Words   |  6 Pageswhat has sparked steroid use in sports and stimulated numerous controversies over the subject. The use of steroids is an unfair training method for sports. Unfairness is contrary to laws, marked by deception, and unethical. When the legality, lack of work and advantageousness, an d cheating are examined it is easy to see how steroids are extremely unfair in more than one way. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;First of all, the use of steroids is an unfair training method because steroids themselves areRead MoreSteroid Use in Sports1732 Words   |  7 Pagespercent of professional athletes use illegal steroids which are also known as performance enhancing drugs. These substances which are banned in professional sports aren’t just any type of steroid or drug. They are called anabolic steroids or performance enhancing drugs, and they are synthetically produced substances of male testosterone hormones. The use of these illegal steroids has garnered a lot of publicity within the world of sports over the past few years. As athletes continue to become biggerRead MoreThe Drawbacks Of Anabolic Steroids1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe Drawbacks of Anabolic Steroids and Why They Should Stay Illegal Anabolic steroids have been used and taken by humans for over half a century. The effects they provide have developed large ongoing debates as to whether these substances should be allowed to the general public. Anabolic steroid in short provide the human body a much grander potential to build muscle by helping the cells within the body produce more muscle fibers at an astonishing rate that could never be achieved naturally. ManyRead MoreDrugs Should Be Banned For Professional Sports1211 Words   |  5 Pagespercent of professional athletes say that they would take performance enhancing drugs if they didn’t have a chance of getting caught. Performance enhancing drugs, or PEDs, or steroids, have been around since 776 BC when the Greeks would use them to improve their performance in the Olympic Games. During World War II, the Germans, including Hitler, would take steroids to make themselves stronger and more aggressive. The Americans, British, and Japanese also began to use ste roids during World War II shortlyRead MoreStop The Destruction Of The Athletes998 Words   |  4 Pagesstop the destruction of the athletes, the U.S government has to take direct actions. To be more specific, the Department of Health must insert strict laws to forbid the supplements stores for selling illegal anabolic steroids. If this action will be taken, the results will be positive because at first the law will reduce the public access to the steroids and then completely annihilate it. At the moment, every athlete, professional or not, can easily purchase anabolic steroids from local supplement storesRead MoreAthletes Should Use Performance Enhancing Drugs941 Words   |  4 Pageslike be a star athlete on any team of your choosing? Therefore, this is one of the reasons why I think steroids should be able to be used for anything of the professional athletes choosing.. Due to the amount of people using performance enhancing drugs in pro sports today, most people when they hear à ¢â‚¬Å"Steroids† they think of huge men or women with big bulging muscles. Steroids have been used throughout sports in every way in almost every sport. I think that the professional athletes that use performanceRead MoreSteroids Shouldn t Be Used For Anything925 Words   |  4 Pagesuser? Therefore, this is one of the reasons why I think steroids shouldn’t even exist or be used for anything. Due to the amount of people using performance enhancing drugs in pro sports today, most people when they hear â€Å"Steroids† they think of huge men or women with big bulging muscles. Steroids have been used throughout sports in every way in almost every sport. I think that the professional athletes that use performance enhancing drugs should be able to use them since they are getting paid substantialRead MoreAnabolic Steroids : Use And Performance Enhancing Drugs1516 Words   |  7 Pages The Debate over Anabolic Steroids The use of performance enhancing drugs like anabolic steroids has been a debatable topic in the United States as early as the 1950’s. Former U. S. Representative Howard Berman expresses that â€Å"Steroids can seem necessary to compete at the highest level, and the quick rewards may seem to outweigh the long term consequences to users.† The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) states that countless athletes, both young and old, face life threatening illnesses dueRead MoreAnabolic Steroid Is A Synthetic Hormone That Resembles1694 Words   |  7 PagesAnabolic steroid is a synthetic hormone that resembles testosterone in promoting the growth of muscle. Such hormones are used medicinally to treat some forms of weight loss and illegally by some athletes and others to enhance physical performance, Anabolic refers to muscle-building, and steroids refers to a large group of chemical substances classified by a specific carbon structure. Since their creation in the early 19 30’s, steroids have been praised for their effectiveness by users, debated overRead MoreAnabolic Steroids. Anabolic Steroids Are A Complex Molecule1377 Words   |  6 PagesAnabolic Steroids Anabolic steroids are a complex molecule used to trick the mind into thinking that testosterone is being produced. An American doctor in the 1930s developed anabolic steroids for the use of â€Å"building body tissue and preventing the breakdown of tissue† (â€Å"Athletes and Steroids†). An FDA review later failed to find evidence that these anabolic steroids had positive effects for those purposes. As time went on people found that steroids increase muscle mass significantly, and they

Phraseology Language and Success in Life Essay - 2291 Words

I would like to think that I arrived at where I am today because of my good looks, but that would be far from the truth. I’m a quiet person with average looks, and I usually do not get noticed when walking out in public. My experiences have molded me into the person that I am today. Those experiences were created through the different forms of language that I used. Language has empowered me to be the success that I consider myself to be today. I have used language to gained social acceptance, work in professional environments, and encourage other. Social acceptance is an integral part of being human. To our ancestors, social acceptance was necessary for their survival. In more recent times, people have come to feel safe and†¦show more content†¦It is considered code switching because I used the new language to feel belongingness to the people that I was meeting in that area. (Code Switching) I not only toggled my language use to make friends, but to also communicate with classmates. Being socially accepted by classmates may not be detrimental, but I feel it is necessary to be successful in the class. I have been out of college for several years, and now that I have returned, I have found that there is a younger breed of students in my classes. I speak as though someone my age should be the norm and they are the alien invasion, but in reality, it’s just the opposite. I am the alien. The majority of my classmates are just arriving from High School. Compared to me they are young and inexperienced. Severa l of my classmates have a good understanding on the commitment it will take to succeed in college and others seem to be there for something to do during the day. Either way, I must communicate, because I come in peace. I always like to befriend my classmates, not so much for lasting long term friendships, but for help if I miss something the instructor has said. To do so, I need find a common ground to start a conversation. Sometimes I get lucky and sit next to a social person, get paired up by the instructor, or break the ice with a light hearted joke. Whatever the circumstance is, speaking their language is important. Last semester in my Public Speaking class I sat in the front row next to aShow MoreRelated‘the Narrative Voice Is an Important Element in the Use of Realist and Non-Realist Techniques and Conventions.’1567 Words   |  7 Pagesearly nineteenth century, we can perhaps best describe it as a body of prose that is interested and concerned with everyd ay life. This of course leads us to assume, as readers of twenty-first century novels, that a non-realist novel would therefore offer the reader an escape into an alternative world where settings and events are far from what would be expected in everyday life. Two examples of this that would immediately spring to mind nowadays would be perhaps the science fiction or horror genresRead MoreThe Land Of Land As A Long Term Investment1652 Words   |  7 Pagesindiscernible existence. And of all qualitative phenomena, cultures with substantive overtone and vagueness remain arguably unparalleled in complexity to identify, measure, and analyze. Uniqueness to a particular group of people through their customs, language, religion, race or social habits all help define culture where it defines as broadly as a country or as narrow as an organization. Disregarding abstract phenomena such as culture can derail projects or entire businesses like an invisible tsunamiRead MoreThe Epistle Of 1st John1633 Words   |  7 Pageshas been strong in affirming John the Apostle, â€Å"that disciple whom Jesus loved† from (Jn. 21:7), as the author. The author declares himself as one who â€Å"we have seen with our eyes†¦and our hands have handled† (1:1) declaring him an eyewitness to the life and ministry of Jesus. John’s authorship was not brought into question until the twentieth century. The epistles of 2nd and 3rd John add to the controversy as they are attributed to a person called â€Å"The elder† who’s identity is also unknown (see vRead MoreEnglish5480 Words   |  22 PagesGeorge Orwell, Politics and the English Language, 1946 [pic] Most people who bother with the matter at all would admit that the English language is in a bad way, but it is generally assumed that we cannot by conscious action do anything about it. Our civilization is decadent and our language -- so the argument runs -- must inevitably share in the general collapse. It follows that any struggle against the abuse of language is a sentimental archaism, like preferring candles to electric light orRead MoreSad Story5291 Words   |  22 Pageswould admit that the English language is in a bad way, but it is generally assumed that we cannot by conscious action do anything about it. Our civilization is decadent and our language — so the argument runs — must inevitably share in the general collapse. It follows that any struggle against the abuse of language is a sentimental archaism, like preferring candles to electric light or hansom cabs to aeroplanes. Underneath this lies the half-conscious belief that language is a natural growth and n otRead MorePolitics and the English Language by George Orwell5305 Words   |  22 PagesWork : Essays : Politics and the English Language (May 1945) Most people who bother with the matter at all would admit that the English language is in a bad way, but it is generally assumed that we cannot by conscious action do anything about it. Our civilization is decadent and our language -- so the argument runs -- must inevitably share in the general collapse. It follows that any struggle against the abuse of language is a sentimental archaism, like preferring candles to electric light orRead MoreEssay on Sarah James in Mexico Case Study Analysis2387 Words   |  10 Pagesof the exchange program between Palm Lakes University (PLU) and the Instituto de Negocios Internationales (INI). Her initial performance in Mexico indicated that she was on track for success. She did well enough in her course work and in a screening process to be chosen for a business internship. Sarah’s success in Mexico was important to a number of stakeholders. Obviously, Sarah herself would benefit from her schooling and internship in Mexico; in addition to her degree, she would gain businessRead MoreElizabethan Era11072 Words   |  45 Pagesthe greatest outburst of creative energy in the whole history of English literature. Under Elizabeths wise guidance the prosperity and enthusiasm of the nation had raised to the highest pitch and London in particular was overflowing with vigorous life. A special stimulus of the most intense kind came from the struggle with Spain. After a generation of half-piratical depredations by the English seadogs against the Spanish treasure fleets and the Spanish settlements in America, King Philip, exasperatedRead MorePhillipine Literary Periods3839 Words   |  16 Pagescentury in Spanish language. Philippine literature is written in Spanish, English, Tagalog, and/or other native Philippine language. DEFINITION OF LITERATURE The word literature is derived from the Latin term Litera which means letter. It has been defined by various writers. Because literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions of man, literature can be said to be the story of man. Man’s loves, griefs, thoughts, dreams, and aspirations coached in a beautiful language is Literature. InRead MoreTeaching Vocabulary8385 Words   |  34 PagesForeign Language 5 Chapter Two 8 Teaching Vocabulary 8 Textbook analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....................20 CONCLUSION ...22 INTRODUCTION It seems almost impossible to overstate the power of words; they literally have changed and will continue to change the course of world history. Perhaps the greatest tools we can give students for succeeding, not only in their education but more generally in life, is a large

How to Respect Your Parents Free Essays

How to respect your parents? There are many days set aside in non-Islamic societies to honour and appreciate special people; examples of these are Father’s Day, Mother’s Day, Memorial Day and Labour Day. In Islam, however, respecting, honouring and appreciating parents is not just for a single day of the year, but rather for each and every day. Parents in the Quran: A Muslim child should respect and appreciate his or her parents on a daily basis. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Respect Your Parents or any similar topic only for you Order Now Allaah mentions that human beings must recognise their parents and that this is second only to the recognition of Allaah Himself. Throughout the Quran, we notice that parents are mentioned with appreciation and respect. In the Quran, there is a very beautiful description of how parents are to be treated; Allaah Says (what means):  Ã¢â‚¬Å"And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age [while] with you, say not to them [so much as] ‘uff’ [i. e. , an expression of irritation or disapproval] and do not repel them but speak to them a noble word. And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say: ‘My Lord! Have mercy upon them as they brought me up [when I was] small. ‘†Ã‚  [Quran 17:23-24] The recognition and respect of parents is mentioned in the Quran eleven times; in every instance, Allaah reminds children to recognise and to appreciate the love and care that they have received from their parents. One such example is when Allaah says what means:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"And We have enjoined upon man goodness to parents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚  [Quran 29:8 46:15] 3. In Chapter Al-An’aam, Allaah reemphasises that people should be kind to their parents; He says what means:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Say: ‘Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. He commands] that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment†¦ ‘†Ã‚  [Quran 6:151] Mother First Among parents, it is usually the mother who makes the most sacrifice and endures the most hardship in the care of her children. She gives birth and looks after them. Islam recognizes this fact, offering m ore honor to the mother as a parent. Muhammad once said, â€Å"Paradise is placed at the mothers’ feet,† so high is their status and regard. The Qur’an reminds people of the sacrifices and hardships that mothers face on behalf of their children. â€Å"And e enjoined upon mankind concerning parents: his mother carried him in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is two years. Therefore show gratitude to Allah and to your parents† (Qur’an 31:14). On another occasion, some people asked the Prophet Muhammad, â€Å"To whom should we show kindness first? † He answered, â€Å"Your mother. † Then he was asked again, â€Å"And after that, then whom? † Muhammad again replied, â€Å"Your mother. † He was asked yet again, and he gave the same reply again: â€Å"Your mother. † Only after that, when he was asked one more time, did he answer, â€Å"Then, your father. Duties to Parents Our life would not be possible without th e sacrifice and hard work of our parents, who cared for us and met all our needs when we were young. The Qur’an addresses this point in one touching verse: â€Å"And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him, and that you be kind to parents. If one or both of them attain old age during your life, say not to them a word of disrespect, nor repel them. But address them in terms of honour, and lower to them the wing of humility, out of mercy, and say, ‘My Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy, as they did bring me up when I was young’† (Qur’an 17:23–24). Muslims are advised to treat their parents gently and respectfully. They should always strive to please them and never become impatient or rude with them. Muslims consider it an honour and a blessing to be able to care for their parents in old age. After all, it’s the least we can do to repay them for all of their hard work and sacrifice. Nursing homes and hospice care are new phenomena in the Muslim world, and they are not widely accepted. Elderly and ill family members almost always remain in the homes of children or relatives, cared for and respected until death. Muhammad encouraged his followers to treat their parents well and to be mindful of their needs. Once, a young man came to him and wanted to join the Muslim army on the battlefield to defend the community from attack. Muhammad asked him if his parents were living. When the young man said they were, he told him: â€Å"Then go back to your parents, serve them, and deal with them kindly. This is as good as fighting for God’s sake. † Muslims consider their parents’ opinions about important matters, such as choosing a career path, spouse, or place to live. As a Muslim gets older, any income she earns is partially used to support her parents and meet their needs. A Muslim prays that after their deaths, God will forgive her parents and show mercy toward them. Also, you should always listen and obey to the commands that your parents have told you to do. Always take care of them afterall to have them is a big gift. How to cite How to Respect Your Parents, Papers

Gwendolyn Brooks Essay Example For Students

Gwendolyn Brooks Essay Gwendolyn Brooks-A Critical Analysis of Her WorkGwendolyn Brooks is the female poet who has been most responsive to changes in the black community, particularly in the communitys vision of itself. The first African American to be awarded a Pulitzer Prize; she was considered one of Americas most distinguished poets well before the age of fifty. Known for her technical artistry, she has succeeded in forms as disparate as Italian terza rima and the blues. She has been praised for her wisdom and insight into the African Experience in America. Her works reflect both the paradises and the hells of the black people of the world. Her writing is objective, but her characters speak for themselves. Although the idiom is local, the message is universal. Brooks uses ordinary speech, only words that will strengthen, and richness of sound to create effective poetry. We will write a custom essay on Gwendolyn Brooks specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The poem The Bean Eaters (see the included poems) is a fine example of all three of these key elements. First and foremost is the use of ordinary speech. For instance the lines They eat beans mostly, this old yellow pair / Dinner is a casual affair. Each of these words are easily understandable. Though plain speech, each word is used more differently and more intensely than in ordinary discourse. Old yellow pair resounds with more meaning than old couple. Yellow implies faded or old; Pair is more compassionate than couple, suggesting more of a connection than just a matchup. Though easily readable, the first line sets a tone of tenderness. Dinner is a casual affair is also a unique statement. Though five plain words, each is used effectively to create an irony which is maintained for the rest of the stanza. Dinner and affair imply more formal situations, but yet are described as casual. This vague irony is further developed in the next two lines, Plain chipware on a plain and creakin g wood, / Tin flatware. Chipware is Brookss own term, which originates from flatware. Dinnerware implies wealth and elegance, while chipware implies aged dishes used by the poor. Yet, chipware also calls up the dignity of dinnerware. The plain and creaking wood or table reinforces a sense of poverty. Consistent with the preceding images, Tin flatware implies cheapness because of tin, but also refinement from flatware. Each word is used to add or reinforce meaning in the poem. No words are used unnecessarily. The first stanza is laden with sonorous words that effectively convey the meaning of each phrase. The three round O sounds in the first line are a mouthful, and create an almost whispery quality that is reminiscent of the worn quality of the people. Dinner is a casual affair is a line with soft vowel sounds, which are easier to swallow than the long sounds of the first line. This coincides once again with the implications of the words. The first line paints almost a dreary pictu re, while the second adds an air of lightness. These vowel tones segue into a more caustic series of consonant combinations in the rest of the stanza. Tin flatware imitates the sound of the forks and spoons hitting the plain creaking wood. The repetition of plain introduces a pattern of repetition that will appear throughout the poem. A relief from the biting consonant tones of the last two lines comes with an almost cooing first line of the second stanza. The line Two who are Mostly Good allows the reader to dig for meaning. Brooks has encouraged young writers to allow for interpretation of their writing, and this is a perfect example of her own advice. The internal capitalization of Mostly Good is somewhat confusing. In a recording by the author the words are not emphasized. Rather, one can assume that the words are capitalized not for auditory emphasis, but for their important meaning. Brooks seems to be making the statement that no one is completely good, but does not necessarily add a negative connotation. A separation of the eventfulness of the past and the repetition of the present is shown by the lines Two who have lived their day / But keep on putting on their clothes / And putting things away. Twinklings and twinges remind the reader of youthful memories and stars, but also harsh memories. The use of alliteration ties the two opposites together, much as a person has the most vivid memories of the happiest and saddest times. T he poem continues on in this fashion where each word is meaningful and the sound contributes to the effect of the poem. .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 , .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .postImageUrl , .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 , .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:hover , .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:visited , .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:active { border:0!important; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:active , .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1 .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6da60221d945b9a8343f0a977ca4eac1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Death Of A Salesman Essay HelpThe Bean Eaters displays her use of ordinary speech, sound, and effective use of words quite well. But these elements are found in her other poems also. We Real Cool, possibly her best known poem also displays these characteristics, as does Corners on the Curving Sky. In We Real Cool the lines We real cool. We / Left school, are excellent examples of how the characters in the poem would speak in real life. That means that you and I can hold / completely different / Points of view and both be right, from Corners on the Curving Sky makes a definite statement without using florid speech. We / Lurk late. We / Strike Straight, in We Real Cool are c risp words that impart the almost punchy style of the seven characters speech. This use of sound is again seen in the lines Your sky may burn with light, / While mine, at the same moment, / Spreads beautiful to darkness. The description of the sky burning with light personifies the blazing of the sun; and the spreading of the darkness creates an even more powerful mental image. A careful inspection of each of these poems also reveals that no words are used that do not contribute to the meaning of the poem. We Real Cool acquires a powerful meaning through the employment of only thirty-two words. Corners on the curving sky also is quite brief, but still very powerful, and it only contains fourteen lines. It is important to not that the direction of Brookss literary career shifted dramatically in the late 1960s. While attending a black writers conference she was struck by the passion of the young poets. Before this happened, she had regarded herself as essentially a universalist, who happened to be black. After the conference, she shifted from writing about her poems about black people and life to writing for the black population.

Logistics and Operation Management Shell Outsourcing Free Sample

Question: Describe about the Logistics and Operation Management of Shell's Outsourcing? Answer: Introduction In todays business organization, Planning has the same significance with the operation. Planning is as important as the operational process of a company. In their operating process, the business organizations found many departments and task which has more operational significance than strategic significance. In those cases, business organizations are adopting a different approach towards the completion of that task. This approach is known as outsourcing. With the help of outsourcing process a business organization, complete their task by the help of some other parties who are experts in that particular field. The strategies to outsource help in many ways such as task will be done by some expert company so the quality of the job will be maintained. When an expert company is outsourced, then they will be able to do that in minimum price so the cost can be minimized. According to Forbs Global 2000 in the industry of oil manufacturing about 36% companies restored to outsourcing policies. The firms strategy to outsource their IT and back-office operation has proven a sustainable way. Shell has outsourced their IT infrastructure that is considered as one of the most complicated as well as the most innovative decision taken by the company. This decision resulted to streamline and standardized the services at the end and cost of operation become low that help the company to become sharper and leaner in this competitive environment (Bozarth and Handfield, 2015). Optimizing the outsourcing solution The companies is outsourcing that task that are unimportant strategically but important in operational performance. For example, a company that manufactures consumer goods will outsource a logistic company to supply their goods to the market. In this case, the delivery of the goods have less strategic importance but have more operational activity. The logistic company will distribute the goods more smoothly than the manufacturer. This will lower the operating cost of the manufacturer. In the oil manufacturing industry companies, outsource their IT department to gain efficiency and improvements in productivity (Pienaar and Vogt, 2012). The company also outsources their entire technological verticals to a specialized company who provide the services to them in the most efficient way. Shell is also outsourcing their back office, IT department and engineering technology to gain smoother operation in this segment. Shell has sophisticated their policies in cost minimization like the realiz ation of portfolio application and applying the infrastructure in cloud computing to reduce their cost further more. The below picture helps to understand the overall operational performance of the strategic importance that help the decision-making process (Caunhye and Pokharel, 2012). Figure: Outsourcing Decision Matrix Source: (Mindtools.com, 2015) Shells outsourcing Shell decided to outsource their global IT infrastructure, so Royal Dutch Shell entered into a deal of 4 billion dollars with EDS and ATT as their multi-supplier outsourcing to enhance their customer service in the next level. This deal with EDS is considered to cover 150000 users throughout the globe where Shell is operating their business, and that will help EDS to manage the entire computing services of Shell (Chavis, Klapper, and Love, 2011). EDS is offering their services in this segment and they will act as the operating company as they will bring a change in the companies information technology such as in Emails, internets, service that will be experiencing a change in the achieving of effectiveness of integration of other departments within one system that will increase the productivity of the company (Quinn and Strategy, 2013). In the team of IT infrastructure, there will be a huge restructuring with 600 workers who will stay within Shells in-house operation and the rest of 3000 workers will be outsourced from the IT consulting firm. To remain competitive in the market this is very volatile with the price of crude oil, Shell decides to increase their reserve of hydrocarbon to sustain in the market. Shell decides to keep their distribution and marketing with them to make their service more efficient. Shell tries their best to outsource from information technology companies emphasizes the oil giant's desire to innovate new technologies to become a winner. This will happen by implementing an entire IT solution that starts from discovering of oil to the human capital management. In this process, the company will be able to transform the entire need of the company, which will help to perform various functions successfully. This activity of IT solution will result into better streamlining of the operational procedure with increased productivity with lowering cost and increasing the bottom line. ATT gained the contract from Shell Global for managing the voice communication and mobility. The ATT gets the contract to operate Shells data centers around the world. This contract also includes the Netherlands, Malaysia, and US . with this contract ATT will also manage the SAP application to maintain and operate more than 7400 application servers (Lacity and Hirschheim, 2012). In the year of 2012, Shell renewed their contract of outsourcing with Deutsche Telekoms and announced for another five-year hosting and storage services with them globally. The integration of T-system has allowed the company to boost their productivity and to lower the cost of operation by the company. Shell signed another contract with Logica that holds for ten years. Logica will handle the Shells in-house IT delivery team in 35 countries across Europe and Asia. This move was decided by Shells management for better efficiency and cost reduction (Hirschheim Heinzl and Dibbern, 2013). Factors influence outsourcing A company outsources their job to a different company due to certain reasons. This kind of outsourcing process will help the company to increase their productivity and reduce the operational cost. According to the industry, the character of the job outsourcing also differs from company to company. The process of outsourcing is generally influenced by the certain factor that is described below (Fritsch and Grg, 2013). The first factor, which influences the decision of outsourcing, is the political factor. The local government of a certain area can make an intervention with various legal activities, rules, tax policy restrictions that will force the company to implement the process of outsourcing in their business activities. This kind of situation forces the company to outsource their back office department to an experienced company who are comfortable with the local rule and tax guideline (Sena Ferreira, Shamsuzzoha, Toscano and Cunha, 2012). Malaysia government changes their policy for the oil and gas production in the year of 2010. This policy was guided by Shell, which involves less tax implementation and regulation for the companies producing oil in the country. This kind of activity recently helps to reduce the overall cost of production. Another political factor that was noticeable for the Malaysian government was the subsidy. The government was providing the subsidy to those companies who was involved with the production of oil and energy. Shell was strategic in their decision to establish their business in Malaysia because it will help to reduce the cost of the company that will help to increase the profitability of the company (Lake, Stevenson and Viscusi, 2014). The next factor that will influence the decision of outsourcing is the economic factor. The economic factors, which handle the decision, are the rate of interest, unemployment and the global inflation. These factors affect directly in the profitability of the company. The growth rate of the country, where they are operating their business, will also influence the decision of operation. If the country is growing then, there will be a change in the buying habit of the customer and cash flow will be more in the market. This increase in cash flow will help to increase the profitability of the operating company. Shell has invested in different countries keeping in mind of this factor. The inflation also affects the companys growth. If the inflation is kept low, then the companies can plan for a long term because Shell did not want to waste their resources rather they plan to keep for future help (Willcocks and Cullen, 2013). The social factor also influences the investment of the company in a particular area or country. Social factor generally decides the attitude of the customer because it depends on the demographic characteristic of the people. The size of the market is also characterized by this factor because it is very important for any business organization to invest in the best potential area where they will be able to bring the return on investment. Since the unimportant operations of the company are outsourced, so it also depends on the social and cultural character of the local area (Quinn and Strategy, 2013). There is another factor that influence the change in the organization is the technology. Technology is very important in todays business context. Shell also outsources their technological support from a different company. Technological outsource includes, research and development activities. The decision of outsourcing handles entry-level barrier and the effectiveness of the production area (van Geenhuizen, Filippov and Enserink, 2015). The last factor that influences the process of outsourcing is the ecological factor that is relation building with the human beings. Shell is involved with such a business that has a lot of adverse effect on the ecology. Petroleum is the main cause of acid rain and other various problems to the ecology. There is another adverse effect when petroleum is burnt. It produces carbon dioxide gas in the environment that is the main reason for the greenhouse effect. These kinds of factors handle the change in the organization and influence the outsourcing process. Suppose there is huge hazards that are produced during the production of petroleum. These hazards are useful to produce various petroleum byproducts. Shell outsources the manufacturing of those byproducts through other companies. These are the strategic decisions that are influenced by many factors for outsourcing (Haveckin, 2012). Risk involved in the decision-making process and recommendations for mitigating them Minimizing the risk is very important for the identification of the goals that are pre-planned in the contingency model. In this context, the best part is to minimize the risk for forecasting supply and demand that need to be connected directly to the supplier. The management of the risk should be properly structured that can be classified in three categories that are explained with proper justification (Sahoo, 2015). The focus of the management should remain in the strategy part. This focus will help to minimize the risk with the help of capacity to manage with the resources that are available with the company and the management. The other process of reducing the risk is to maintain the proper security. The proper security that can provide information that are private and have compliance in the most effective manner. A process that is involved with the risk management will have a continuous flow of information from the supplier to its customers that may help in building the better relation between them (Pellegrini, Lazzarotti and Pizzurno, 2012). Conclusion Outsourcing incorporates and enables multiplier effects in the productivity of the company and gain profits by reducing the risks. Minimizing the incidence of risk by the privacy rules plays an important role for the continuous operation, and uninterrupted information flow comprise the center of the attention in a successful outsourcing deal. Every big organization is reducing their cost of operation by various cost cutting initiatives that include outsourcing process. Many companies are outsourcing their marketing and distribution channels. Shell has also initiated their outsourcing process to increase productivity that has resulted in a win-win situation for them as they have also increased their profitability. Technology outsourcing with EDS and T system enabled them to achieve bigger equity in the industry of oil manufacturing. Shell has also gained a lot from the Malaysian government as they saved a lot of tax. This has a great impact in the political and economic development of the country towards a sustainable business environment. Shells outsourcing story has a success and becomes an example for others about how to decide the structure of outsourcing. The strategy of outsourcing and selecting the areas proved to be the success factor for Shell. Reference List Bozarth, C. C., and Handfield, R. B. (2015).Introduction to operations and supply chain management. Prentice Hall. Pienaar, W. J., and Vogt, J. J. (2012).Business Logistics Management: A value chain perspective. Oxford University Press. Caunhye, A. M., Nie, X., and Pokharel, S. (2012). Optimization models in emergency logistics: A literature review.Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,46(1), 4-13. Quinn, J. B., and Strategy, E. S. (2013). Strategic outsourcing: leveraging knowledge capabilities.Image,34. Lacity, M. C., and Hirschheim, R. (2012). The information systems outsourcing bandwagon.Sloan management review,34. Hirschheim, R., Heinzl, A., and Dibbern, J. (Eds.). (2013).Information Systems Outsourcing: enduring themes, emergent patterns and future directions. Springer Science and Business Media. Fritsch, U., and Grg, H. (2013). DP9603 Outsourcing, Offshoring and Innovation: Evidence from Firm-level Data for Emerging Economies. Lake, R. T., Stevenson, J. G., and Viscusi, E. R. (2014). A New Reality for the Practice Of Outsourcing Compounded Sterile Preparations. Willcocks, L., and Cullen, S. (2013).Intelligent IT outsourcing. Routledge. Quinn, J. B., and Strategy, E. S. (2013). Strategic outsourcing: leveraging knowledge capabilities.Image,34. van Geenhuizen, M., Filippov, S., and Enserink, B. (2015). Cost Reduction as Major Driver in Traditional Technology Business: Will Outsourcing Relations Come to an End?.Journal of Enterprise Transformation,5(1), 30-51. Haveckin, B. (2012).Information technology outsourcing by large Australian organisations(Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University). Sahoo, S. (2015). Laminated Composite Stiffened Cylindrical Shell Panels with Cutouts under Free Vibration.International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering (IJMMME),5(3), 37-63. Pellegrini, L., Lazzarotti, V., and Pizzurno, E. (2012). From outsourcing to open innovation: a case study in the oil industry.International journal of technology intelligence and planning,8(2), 182-196. Sena Ferreira, P., Shamsuzzoha, A. H. M., Toscano, C., and Cunha, P. (2012). Framework for performance measurement and management in a collaborative business environment.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,61(6), 672-690. Chavis, L. W., Klapper, L. F., and Love, I. (2011). The impact of the business environment on young firm financing.The world bank economic review,25(3), 486-507.

Psychology Case Study - Eric B. Essays - Psychology,

Psychology: Case Study - Eric B. Case History of Eric B. Eric is a 6-year old African-american male who was raised in an impoverished inner city neighborhood in Chicago. Drugs and violence surrounded his daily life. With a single-mother who involved herself in a series of relationships with abusive boyfriends, Eric found himself beat with a belt, and may have been sexually assaulted. His mother was not home that often, and he was forced to sit outside on the stoop so that his grandmother, that also lived with them, could sell drugs. His mother was uneducated and supported the family with her public assistance grant. He has never met his father, and his uncles are in jail. His father was convicted of robbery and drug charges but Eric was told that he was shot to death in an attempted robbery. He dreams of one day avenging his father's death and acts it out when he plays alone. He has a history of terrorizing animals and killed the family cat. He also did poorly in school, being diagnosed with attention deficit disorder. He is constantly inv olved in fights and has no companions. When home, he mostly involved himself in action movies and cartoons. Eric b efriends a boy who lived next door to him. One day he steals the boys bicycle and when the family comes to claim it, Eric threate ns the boy by saying that he was going to kill his baby brother. A few weeks later, Eric broke into the apartment and assaulted the baby, beating him nearly to death. According to Eric Erikson, a student of Freud, his psychosocial theory states that you have to move through stages of development to have your needs met. One needs to be psychologically ready to move on to the next stage. This depends on the social environment they are in Eric, being six years old is in the iniative vs. guilt stage of Erikson's Stage Theories. In this stage, he is suppose to be ready to take iniative in his own activities and make plans and goals for the future. If his mother does not allow him to take iniative then he will feel guilt for his attempts at independence. He may also be in the industry vs. inferiority stage. This means he should be aware of his responsibilities such as homework and chores. He should be able create a sense of industry, if praised and rewarded by his mother. If not, then he will feel inferior. He would also be influenced by his peers and teachers. However, this is merely how is should be, but is not how it is for Eric. Lack of iniative is not the problem. Without a parental figure present, Eric was forced to take on too much iniative and make too many decisions on is own. He feels no guilt in being independent but according to Erikson, should feel inferior due to the lack of praise and reward from his mother. According to Jean Piaget, and his stages of cognitive development, kids construct their knowledge of the world through reorganization and they move to higher levels of psychological functioning. Piaget looked at how kids think of themselves and their environment, when moving through each stage. In these stages, children select what they see and they interpret. In the preoperational stage, ranging from ages 2-7, children should have a mastery of language and use words to represent objects. In this stage, children cannot use developmental capacities systematically. They are quite egocentric, having the tendency to interpret the world through your own position. They attribute their own thoughts to inanimate objects, known as animism. For example, a child may say that the sky is sad because the sun is not shining. They have no sense of centration, a tendency to concentrate on one aspect of a problem, like having tunnel vision. These are called conservation studies, which are a series of tests for children to test their concepts of length, quantity, area, and volume. For example, if you were to place two glasses in front of a child, one tall and thin, the other short and stout, filled with the same amount of liquid in each, he will think

Battle of Omdurman in the Mahdist War

Battle of Omdurman in the Mahdist War The Battle of Omdurman took place in present-day Sudan during the Mahdist War (1881-1899). Battle of Omdurman - Date The British triumphed on September 2, 1898. Armies Commanders British: Major General Horatio Kitchener8,200 British, 17,600 Egyptian Sudanese Mahdists: Abdullah al-Taashiapprox. 52,000 men Battle of Omdurman - Background Following the capture of Khartoum by the Mahdists and the death Major General Charles Gordon on January 26, 1885, British leaders began contemplating how to retake power in Sudan. Over the next several years, the urgency of this operation waxed and waned as William Gladstones Liberal Party exchanged power with Lord Salisburys Conservatives. In 1895, the British consul-general of Egypt, Sir Evelyn Baring, Earl of Cromer, finally convinced Salisburys government to take action citing the desire to create a Cape-to-Cairo chain of colonies and the need to prevent foreign powers from entering the area. Concerned about the nations finances and international opinion, Salisbury gave permission for Cromer to began planning the reconquest of Sudan, but stipulated that he was to use only Egyptian forces and that all actions were to appear to take place under Egyptian authority. To lead Egypts army, Cromer selected Colonel Horatio Kitchener of the Royal Engineers. An efficient planner, Kitchener was promoted to major general (in Egyptian service) and appointed sirdar (commander-in-chief). Taking command of Egypts forces, Kitchener began a rigorous training program and equipped his men with modern weapons. Battle of Omdurman - Planning By 1896, the sirdars army numbered around 18,000 well-trained men. Advancing up the Nile in March 1896, Kitcheners forces moved slowly, consolidating their gains as they went. By September, they had occupied Dongala, just above the third cataract of the Nile, and had met little resistance from the Mahdists. With his supply lines badly stretched, Kitchener turned to Cromer for additional funding. Playing on the governments fears of French intrigue in East Africa, Cromer was able to secure more money from London. With this in hand, Kitchener began building the Sudan Military Railroad from his base at Wadi Halfa to a terminus at Abu Hamed, 200 miles to the southeast. As the construction crews pressed through the desert, Kitchener dispatched troops under Sir Archibald Hunter to clear Abu Hamed of Mahdist forces. This was accomplished with minimal casualties on August 7, 1897. With the completion of the railroad on in late October, Salisbury decided to expand the governments commitment to the operation and began sending the first of 8,200 British troops to Kitchener. These were joined by several gunboats. Battle of Omdurman - Kitcheners Victory Concerned about the Kitcheners advance, the leader of the Mahdist army, Abdullah al-Taashi sent 14,000 men to attack the British near Atara. On April 7, 1898, they were badly defeated and suffered 3,000 dead. As Kitchener prepared for the push to Khartoum, Abdullah raised a force of 52,000 to block the Anglo-Egyptian advance. Armed with a mix of spears and antique firearms they mustered near the Mahdist capital of Omdurman. On September 1, British gunboats appeared in the river off Omdurman and shelled the city. This was followed by the arrival of Kitcheners army in the nearby village of Egeiga. Forming a perimeter around the village, with the  river at their back, Kitcheners men waited for the arrival of the Mahdist army. Around dawn on September 2, Abdullah attacked the Anglo-Egyptian position with 15,000 men while a second Mahdist force continued moving north. Equipped with the latest European rifles, Maxim machine guns, and artillery, Kitcheners men mowed down the attacking Mahdist dervishes (infantry). With the attack defeated, the 21st Lancers were ordered to reconnoiter in force towards Omdurman. Moving out, they met a group of 700 Hadenoa tribesman. Switching to the attack, they were soon confronted by 2,500 dervishes which had been hiding in a dry streambed. Charging through the enemy, they fought a bitter battle before rejoining the main army. Around 9:15, believing the battle won, Kitchener ordered his men to begin advancing on Omdurman. This movement exposed his right flank to a Mahdist force that was lurking to west. Shortly after beginning their march, three Sudanese and one Egyptian battalion came under fire from this force. Compounding the situation was the arrival of 20,000 men under Osman Shiekh El Din which had moved north earlier in the battle. Shiekh El Dins men soon began attacking the Sudanese brigade of Colonel Hector MacDonald. While the threatened units made a stand and poured disciplined fire into the approaching enemy, Kitchener began wheeling the rest of the army around to join the fight. As at Egeiga, modern weaponry triumphed and the dervishes were shot down in alarming numbers. By 11:30, Abdullah gave up the battle as lost and fled the field. With the Mahdist army destroyed, the march to Omdurman and Khartoum was resumed. Battle of Omdurman - Aftermath The Battle of Omdurman cost the Mahdists a stunning 9,700 killed, 13,000 wounded, and 5,000 captured. Kitcheners losses were a mere 47 dead and 340 wounded. The victory at Omdurman concluded the campaign to retake Sudan and Khartoum was quickly reoccupied. Despite the victory, several officers were critical of Kitcheners handling of the battle and cited MacDonalds stand for saving the day. Arriving at Khartoum, Kitchener was ordered to proceed south to Fashoda to block French incursions in the area.